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Notes

• (*0) Matthew writes his evangelium to Jews. (evangelium / evangelion is derived from the Koine Greek euangélion, which is also translated as "gospel", "glad tidings" and variants)
  As such he emphasizes from the beginning Jesus' man-line family-tree structure since these forms the base of Jewish legal inheritance(*3) matters. Note that the New Testament was written in the ancient Greek (Koine or Hellenistic Greek) for more see below at (*+).
   
• (*1 - Mt.1:1) The complete Jewish name of Jesus is Jehosusa-Jahve meaning the help, the blessing. The short form of this is: Jesua, which was converted into Greek as Jesus.
   
• (*2 - Mt.1:1) Matthew in addition to Jesus’ name assigns the Christ name as well. This derives from the Jewish name Masiach used as Messiah, or translated in Greek as Christos which means anointed.
   
  • As the Old Testament describes, the Kings, prophets and priests meant to serve God were anointed with oil through an inauguration ceremony although in the beginning “Jahve ’s Anointed One was used more specific to the reigning kings.
    
     
  • The Jews started to use the Messiah as the savior of Israel only at around ~100 B.C. still with the belief that the Messiah will be a Messiah king.
    
     
  • The Greek Christos (Messiah) was the word from which the name: Christians was derived as the followers of Christ (Messiah).
  
   
• (*3 - Mt.1:1) The “father of”, “son of” or “descendant” expressions in the Jewish legislature described all relationships that were between physical son and father, grandparent and grandson, as well as sons adopted into families.
   
• (*4 - Mt.1:6) Matthew emphasizes that Jesus was descendant of David, since as the prophecy (Isaiah 7:14, 45:1) says the Messiah will be the descendant of King David. This is even more stressed that Jesus’ family tree is built up through 2x14 descendants because the number 14 consists of 2x7 where 7 is an important number in the Jewish culture.
  (Thus if we are counting the sort order of the consonants in David’s name, we will get the number 14: (a=1, b=2, c=3, d = 4,..., v = 6 => d+v+d = 4+6+4 = 14. [note that in the ancient Jewish alphabet only the consonants were written down, having the vowels added only as punctuation signs!])
   
• (*5 - Mt.1:18) Mary was conceived through the Holy Spirit. In the beginning Joseph had no knowledge about this, thus when it became clear the Mary is pregnant, he wanted to release in secret Mary since he did not want to give his name to a child that he had nothing to do with him.
  His attitude changed completely after the angel of the LORD appeared in his dream and made him aware about the LORD’s plan concerning the child and his family.
  The engagement in the old Jewish culture had the same rights and duties as the marriage
  The only difference between the engagement and marriage was that while engaged, the husband did not take his “fiancé” to his home yet.
   
• (*6 - Mt.1:20~23) The angel makes clear to Joseph that through the child Jesus the prophecies regarding the Messiah will be accomplished: &nbs; Isaiah 7:14
    The prophet Isaiah tells to king Achas (B.C.: 736 – 721), that he has nothing to fear from the kings of Syria and Israel, because God is about to help him against them. For proof he offered him to ask for any sign, which Achas rejected and this is when Isaiah declared that there will be a young unmarried women (in Jewish “almah”) that will give birth to a son who will became the King (Hiszkija) of Peace. The Jewish word “almah” was translated by the Greek translator of Septuagint (first Greek Bible) into parthenos (= virgin).
  As per the In the New Testament, this prophecy is became true through Jesus as Isaiah said: “God is with us, since the Word became flesh and lives among us”.
   
• (*+) The New Testament was written in the ancient Greek (Koine or Hellenistic Greek). Even the Old Testament was translated in this time to Greek by a panel of 70 authors from where the Greek name of Septuagint derives: the Septuagint, or simply "LXX", is an Ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament. It incorporates the oldest of several ancient translations of the Old Testament and is referred to in critical works by the abbreviation "G". Septuagint was originally the designation for the Pentateuch (Pentateuch = 5 books: Torah Moses' 5 books - Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy - Also called "The law")) translated into Koine Greek, the lingua franca of the Eastern Mediterranean from the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) until the development of Byzantine Greek (c.600 CE).